Cebu City landfill landslide: waste slope stability lessons for ground engineers
Reviewed by Tom Sullivan

First reported on Geoengineer.org – News
30 Second Briefing
A rainfall-induced landslide at the Barangay Binaliw open dumpsite in Cebu City on 8 January 2026 killed one landfill worker, injured several others and collapsed the on-site Material Recovery Facility, with at least seven people pulled from waste debris and further victims feared trapped. Prolonged intense rainfall caused water infiltration into waste and underlying soils, softening layers, raising pore water pressures and triggering global instability in steep, poorly drained waste slopes. The failure is prompting suspension of operations, drone-based damage mapping and renewed focus on engineered slope geometry, controlled waste placement and surface/subsurface drainage design for tropical landfills.
Technical Brief
- Prolonged rainfall caused progressive softening of both municipal solid waste and underlying foundation soils.
- Elevated pore water pressures in low-permeability layers likely reduced effective stress and mobilised deep-seated shear surfaces.
- Investigation will need back-analyses of slope geometry, waste unit weights, shear strength parameters and rainfall intensity–duration data.
- Drone-based surveys are being used for rapid mapping of scarps, tension cracks and secondary instability zones.
- Monitoring and remediation should prioritise surface drainage regrading, toe buttressing, staged re-profiling and piezometric monitoring of waste and subsoil.
Our Take
Within the 27 Hazards stories in our database, waste-slope failures like those at the Cebu City landfill and historic events at Payatas and in Ethiopia form a distinct cluster where informal or rapidly expanding facilities see disproportionately high casualty counts, signalling that municipal landfills need geotechnical design standards closer to those used for tailings dams.
The presence of past failures in Colombia, China, Central Java and the Philippines in our Hazards coverage suggests that steep, mechanically unsorted waste slopes in humid, high-rainfall regions are repeatedly implicated, so operators at Barangay Binaliw and similar Asian sites should treat rainfall-triggered pore pressure build-up and leachate control as primary design checks rather than secondary operational issues.
Given that Seequent (The Bentley Subsurface Company) and PLAXIS releases also appear in this Hazards stream, regulators and consultants working on Cebu City and other urban landfills have off‑the‑shelf numerical tools available to move from empirical height/angle limits to explicit stability modelling of waste stratigraphy and interface shear behaviour.
Prepared by collating external sources, AI-assisted tools, and Geomechanics.io’s proprietary mining database, then reviewed for technical accuracy & edited by our geotechnical team.
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