Vale–Caterpillar autonomous truck expansion: haulage design notes for mine planners
Reviewed by Joe Ashwell

First reported on International Mining – News
30 Second Briefing
Vale, Caterpillar and dealer Sotreq have agreed to expand the fleet of autonomous haul trucks at Vale’s Northern System iron ore operations in the Carajás region of Pará, Brazil, building on trials already under way with Cat Command for hauling. The deal, flagged earlier by Caterpillar Resource Industries President Denise Johnson at an Investor Day, signals a larger deployment of OEM-autonomy rather than retrofit kits in one of the world’s highest-grade iron ore districts. For mine planners, this points to increased focus on haul road design, traffic management and maintenance regimes optimised for fully autonomous Cat fleets.
Technical Brief
- Agreement involves Vale, Caterpillar and Brazilian Cat dealer Sotreq as the local implementation partner.
- Expansion targets Vale’s Northern System iron ore complex in the Carajás region of Pará state.
- Deployment will integrate Cat Command for hauling into existing large-scale open-pit iron ore operations.
- OEM-level autonomy enables tighter integration with Cat truck control, drive, braking and collision-avoidance systems.
- Use of an authorised dealer (Sotreq) centralises lifecycle support, firmware updates and autonomy system maintenance.
- Carajás’ high-production environment will stress-test autonomous haul performance under sustained, large-bench, long-haul conditions.
- Brazilian regulatory and labour frameworks will shape operating procedures, supervision ratios and remote-operations staffing.
- For other large mining complexes, the deal reinforces OEM autonomy as a preferred path over retrofit solutions.
Our Take
In our database of iron ore coverage, Vale’s Northern System in Pará is one of the few large Brazilian operations scaling OEM autonomy in parallel with Australian majors, which suggests Caterpillar is consolidating a two-continent reference base for autonomous haulage in iron ore.
The related 3 December item noting Vale’s plan to reach 150 autonomous trucks within two years indicates this Northern System deal is likely a substantial tranche of that build-out, locking in Caterpillar’s position against Komatsu at Vale’s flagship Brazilian assets.
With Caterpillar simultaneously trialling battery-electric 793 XE trucks with BHP and Rio Tinto in the Pilbara, its expanded autonomous fleet at Vale’s Carajás-region iron ore mines gives the OEM a strong platform to cross-pollinate autonomy, energy efficiency and future BEV haulage offerings in large open pits.
Prepared by collating external sources, AI-assisted tools, and Geomechanics.io’s proprietary mining database, then reviewed for technical accuracy & edited by our geotechnical team.
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