Balochistan critical minerals: design and risk takeaways for mine engineers
Reviewed by Joe Ashwell

First reported on MINING.com
30 Second Briefing
Balochistan’s copper, gold and rare earth prospects are moving centre stage as Pakistan courts Chinese, Saudi and Western investors for large-scale developments beyond the long-disputed Reko Diq porphyry deposit. New road and port links through Gwadar under the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor, plus proposed rail upgrades, are intended to move bulk concentrates from remote desert sites to deep-water export terminals. For miners and engineers, the province’s security risks, water scarcity and arid geotechnical conditions will heavily influence pit design, tailings storage and processing route selection.
Technical Brief
- Water scarcity is driving consideration of high-recovery process water circuits and potential seawater or brackish water use.
- Any acid-generating waste from sulphide-rich porphyries will need robust ARD control and lined waste/tailings facilities.
- Harsh desert temperature cycles and dust storms increase mechanical wear, affecting haul road maintenance and slope surface erosion behaviour.
- Legacy grievances over earlier mining deals mean social licence and security risk assessments are now central to feasibility-stage design.
Our Take
Balochistan is one of the few Pakistan regions appearing in our critical minerals coverage, which suggests any sizeable discovery there could quickly become systemically important for supply chains rather than just a domestic play.
With only a handful of critical minerals pieces in our database, scrutiny of governance, security and ESG performance in Balochistan is likely to be unusually intense from Western financiers compared with more established jurisdictions.
For projects tagged to Sustainability and Safety in Pakistan, operators typically face layered federal–provincial oversight, so any critical minerals developments in Balochistan will probably need more complex stakeholder mapping than comparable projects in single-tier regulatory systems.
Prepared by collating external sources, AI-assisted tools, and Geomechanics.io’s proprietary mining database, then reviewed for technical accuracy & edited by our geotechnical team.
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