Trump’s $18.6B critical minerals push: rare earths bias and gaps for project teams
Reviewed by Tom Sullivan

First reported on MINING.com
30 Second Briefing
US federal critical minerals support under the Trump administration has reached about $18.6 billion across 60 financings, with roughly $15.9 billion in loans, $2.1 billion in equity and $615 million in grants, but BMO Global Commodities Research says the allocation is heavily skewed to rare earths despite their modest $3.5 billion global market. Major rare earth packages include a $565 million DFC facility for Brazil’s Serra Verde, USA Rare Earth’s planned $2.8 billion acquisition of the asset, and a $400 million US DoD stake in MP Materials. By contrast, tungsten projects such as Fireweed Metals’ Mactung and Northcliff Resources’ Sisson have received only about $15–16 million each, with antimony, nickel, cobalt, tantalum and tin seeing minimal support, signalling continued funding gaps for non-REE critical metals.
Technical Brief
- Funding is being channelled via the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, EXIM, DFC and CHIPS Act.
- BMO counts 60 discrete project financing instances underpinning the US$18.6 billion commitment envelope.
- Analysts describe the US as having “hundreds of billions” of potential critical-mineral finance still untapped.
- Chinese state-led rare earths investment dates back to 1964, with key separation breakthroughs in the 1980s.
- Global 2024 rare earth sales were about US$3.5 billion versus >US$300 billion for copper.
- Graphite One could receive ~US$2.1 billion from EXIM, mainly for an Ohio anode plant.
- Remaining Graphite One funding would support the Graphite Creek upstream project in Alaska.
- Tungsten’s primary use is cemented carbides for cutting/drilling tools and high-density aerospace and defence alloys.
Our Take
The $565 million DFC package for Serra Verde and the prospective $2.1 billion EXIM support for Graphite One are unusually large single-asset exposures in our Policy coverage, signalling that US agencies are willing to underwrite full mine-plus-processing chains for rare earths and graphite rather than just incremental expansions.
With copper’s 2024 market value (~$300 billion) dwarfing rare earths (~$3.5 billion) and even lithium and uranium, the emphasis on rare earth and graphite projects such as Serra Verde and Graphite Creek reflects a security-of-supply logic rather than market-size optimisation, which could divert concessional capital away from more liquid base-metal markets in Chile, Canada and the USA.
The focus on Yukon’s Mactung and New Brunswick’s Sisson tungsten–molybdenum projects in the same policy frame as US-based Graphite Creek suggests that North American critical-mineral strategies are being built around a multi-jurisdictional block (Canada–USA) rather than purely domestic sourcing, which has permitting and infrastructure implications for cross-border supply chains.
Prepared by collating external sources, AI-assisted tools, and Geomechanics.io’s proprietary mining database, then reviewed for technical accuracy & edited by our geotechnical team.
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