Poland, China lead central bank gold buying: demand signals for mine planners
Reviewed by Joe Ashwell

First reported on MINING.com
30 Second Briefing
Central banks returned to net gold buying in April, adding 17 tonnes to reserves after March’s net sales, with bullion trading near record highs at about $4,390/oz, according to the World Gold Council. Poland and China led purchases with 14 tonnes and 8 tonnes respectively, while the Czech Republic added 3 tonnes in its 38th consecutive monthly buy and Russia and Uzbekistan sold 6 tonnes and 1 tonne. Emerging-market banks in Eastern Europe and Asia have averaged 29 tonnes of net monthly purchases over the past three years, signalling persistent official-sector demand for mined gold.
Technical Brief
- Russia’s April sale of 6 tonnes followed a separate 6‑tonne disposal in March.
- Turkey liquidated 60 tonnes in March, then reported almost unchanged official gold holdings in April.
- Weekly Turkish data show short-term gold/USD swaps matured in April, leaving only longer-term swaps.
- China’s April purchase was its largest monthly addition since December 2024, per WGC data.
- China has now recorded 18 consecutive months of gold reserve accumulation.
- The Czech Republic’s April buy marked its 38th straight month of incremental reserve growth.
- WGC notes emerging-market central banks in Eastern Europe and Asia as the main structural demand driver.
Our Take
The World Gold Council features repeatedly in our recent coverage, including its “Gold as a Service” infrastructure launch and structural demand analysis, signalling that central bank reserve behaviour in Poland, China and Russia is now a core input into its long-term gold market modelling rather than a short-term anomaly.
Emerging-market central banks adding an average of 29 tonnes of gold per month over three years aligns with WGC-tracked data on a structural shift in reserves away from the six most-held currencies, which likely underpins bullish long-range price scenarios such as JPMorgan’s $8,000/oz by 2030 case.
Russia’s role as both a sizeable seller in this article and a claimed 480–500-tonne-per-year producer in our 2026-06-03 coverage suggests that any sustained reserve liquidation by the Bank of Russia could materially increase tradable supply, putting relative price support under new gold projects in non-sanctioned jurisdictions like Mexico and Poland.
Prepared by collating external sources, AI-assisted tools, and Geomechanics.io’s proprietary mining database, then reviewed for technical accuracy & edited by our geotechnical team.
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